Introduction

Chapter I

Chapter II

Chapter III

Chapter IV

Chapter V

Chapter VI
Chapter VII
Conclusion
Bibliography

 

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List of Abbreviations

Employed in the Footnotes and in the Bibiliography

Azdi – al-Azdi, Yazid b. Muhammd, Tarikh al-Mawsil, Cairo, 1387/1967.

B. Firaq – al-Baghdadi, ‘Abd al-Qahr, al-Farq bayan al-Firaq, Beirut, 1393/1973.

Al-Bidaya – Ibn Kathir, Isma’il b. ‘Umar, al-Bidaya wa-Nihaya, 14 vols. Beirut, 1395/1956-1975.

B. Sahih – al-Bukhari, Muhammad b. Isma’il, al-Jami’ al-Sahih, Leiden, 1862-1908.

Dala’il – al-Tabari, Muhammad b. Jarir b. Rustam, Dala’il al-Imama, Najaf 1369/1949.

D. Sunan – al-Sajistani, Abu Dawud, Sunan Abi Dawud, Cairo, 1370/1951.

Fakhri – Ibn al-Taqtaqi, Muhammad b. ‘Ali, al-Fakhri fi al-Adad al-Sultaniyya, Cairo, 1345/1929.

Fasl – Ibn Hazm, ‘Ali b. Muhammad, al-Fasl fi al-Milal wa-l-Ahwa wa-l-Nihal, Cairo, 1317-21.

Al-Fusul al-‘Ashara – al-Mufid, Muhammd b. Al-Nu’man, al-Fusul al-‘Ashara fi al-Ghayba, Najaf, 1371/1951.

Al-Fusul al-Mukhtara – al-Murtada, al-Fusul al-Mukhtara min al-‘Uyun wa-l-Mahasin li-l-Mufid, 2 vols, Najaf, 1966.

‘Ibar – Ibn Khaldun, al-‘Ibar wa diwan al-Mubatada’ wal-l-Khabar, 7 vols, Cairo, 1284-7/1867-70.

Ikhtiyar – al-Kashshi, Muhammad b. ‘Umar, Ikhtiyar Ma’rifat al-Rijal, Mashhad, 1972.

‘Ilal – al-Saduq, Muhammad b. ‘Ali, ‘Ilal-al-Shara’i’, Najaf, 1385/1966.

al-Irshad – al-Mufid, Muhammad b. Al-Nu’man, al-Irshad, Najaf, 1972; English translation, Balagha Books, 1981.

Ithbat – al-Mas’udi, ‘Ali b. Al-Husayn, Ithbat al-Wasiyya, Najaf, 1955.

J. Wuzara’ – al-Jashshayari, Muhammad b. ‘Abdus, Kitab al-Wuzara’ wa-l-Kuttab, Cairo, 1357/1939.

al-Kafi – al-Kulayni, Muhammad b. Ya’qub, al-Kafi fi ‘Ilm al-Din, 6 vols., Tehran, 1381/1961.

Kamal – al-Saduq, Muhammad b. ‘Ali, Kamal al-Din wa Tamam al-Ni’ma, Tehran, 1395/1975.

Al-Kamil – Ibn al-Athir, ‘Izz al-Din ‘Ali, al-Kamil fi al-Tarikh, 9 vols., Leiden, 1851-76.

Khatib – al-Khatib al-Baghdadi, Tarikh Baghdad, 14 vols., Cairo, 1349/1931.

Kindi – al-Kindi, Muhammad b. Yusuf, Kitab Wulat Misr. Beirut, 1379/1959.

Maqatil – al-Isfahani, ‘Abu al-Faraj, Maqatil al-Talibiyyin, Cairo, 1368/1949, also Najaf, 1965.

Milal – al-Shahristani, Muhammd b. ‘Abd al-Karim, Kitab al-Mialal wa-l-Nihal, London 1263/1846.

Mizan – al-Dhahabi, Mizan al-I’tidal fi Naqd al-Rijal, 4 vols., Cairo, 1963.

Al-Muntazam – Ibn al-Jawzi, ‘Abd al-Rahman, al-Muntazam fi Tarikh al-Muluk wa-l-Umam, Baydar Abad, 1357/1939, and Beirut, 1974.

Muruj – al-Mas’udi, ‘Ali b. Al-Hasan, Muruj al-Dhahab wa Ma’adin al-Jawhir, 9 vols., Paris, 1861-76.

M. Sahih – Muslim b. Al-Hajjaj al-Nishaburi, Sahih Muslim, Cairo, 1377/1956.

Al-Najashi – al-Najashi, Ahmad b. al-‘Abbas, Kitab al-Rijal, Tehran, n.d.

N. Firaq – al-Nawbakhti, al-Hasan b. Musa, Firaq al-Shi’a, Leipzig. 1931, also Najaf, 1963.

Nujum – Ibn Taghri Bardi, Abu al-Mahasin, al-Nujum al-Zahira fi Muluk Misr wal-l-Qahira, 12 vols., Cairo, n.d.

Q. Maqalat – Sa’d al-Ash’ari al-Qummi, Kitab al-Maqalat wa-l-Firaq, Tehran, 1963.

Tabari – al-Tabari, Muhammab b. Jarir, Tarikh al-Rasul wa-l-Muluk, Leiden, 1879-1901.

T. al-Fihrist – al-Tusi, Muhammad b. al-Hasan, al-Fihrist, Mashhad, 1972.

T. al-Ghayba – idem, Kitab al-Ghayba, Tabriz, 1322/1904.

al-Tirmidhi – al-Tirmidhi, Muhammad b. ‘Isa, Sunan al-Tirmidhi, Cairo, 1356/1937.

‘Uyun – al-Saduq, ‘Uyun Akhbar al-Rida, Najaf, 1970.

Wafayat – Ibn Khalikan, Ahmad b. Muhammd, Wafayat al-A’yan, 2 vols., Cairo 1299/1882.

al-Ya’qubi – al-Ya’qubi, Ahmad b. Abi Ya’qub, al-Tarikh, 3 vols., Beirut, 1375/1955.

 

 



Introduction

Chapter I

Chapter II

Chapter III

Chapter IV

Chapter V

Chapter VI
Chapter VII
Conclusion
Bibliography